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Greetings Everyone & Welcome to the Richardson2 DNA Project Newsletter
Welcome New Project Members
It is a pleasure to extend a hearty welcome to all our new members: my kinsmen, Edward Lamar, Scott, Alan,
John J. Paul, John O., Larry, John H., Nick and Miss Mary May Richardson. I want to take a moment to thanks
all of you who where kind enough to phone and/or send an e-mail expressing your concern and well wishes for us
in the after math of the "Wench Katrina." We were very fortunate, however, these last few months have been
most challenging. Losing my Internet satellite dish has been most vexing and am most thankful to be
reconnected. I was deeply touched by your kindness.
The holidays are rapidly approaching and I wish y'all warmth and good cheer.......and take time to remember the
"reason for the season."
Project Status (See Results Chart)
Cheers! Thanks to your support, we're nearing 50 members and looking toward the future, feel we're going to
experience some real break-throughs in the near future. We've positively identified seven distinct ancestral
lines. Exciting to see folks, previously unknown to each other, connect and I sure hope you're enjoying
collaborating together.
Genealogy & Genetics
Most of the books and articles that I've found in the past has been just too "techy" for words. Simplistically,
have learned the following:
- Halpo Group: A genetic group of people associated with a geographical region. We can discover where our
ancestors lived by exploring the migratory patterns of these groups, identified in our study, for example, as either, I,
I1a, E3a, R1b, R1b1 or R1b1c. - Halpo Type: The set of values identified for each of the markers in an individual test. When two people share
identical values in 25/25, 24/25, 37/37 or 36/37, they share the same Halpo Type and therefore, a common ancestor. - Modal Haplotype: The most common result (value) for the string of markers tested with a group of folks who
share identical values in 25/25, 37/37 or 24/25 or 36/37 of the markers tests. For example, with my family of
participants, we match in 36 or 37 markers. The mutated marker occurs at DYS #458 (red one), which is known
to have a rapid mutation rate. The "mode" for our string of values determines whether the mutated value for marker
#458 is either +1 or -1, for the individual with the mis-match. - Relatedness: We have learned through our study that a minimum of 25 markers is necessary to determine
relatedness of an ancestral line. Individuals who share 25/25 or 24/25 markers (particularly when the mis-match
occurs in one of the red markers known to mutate rapidly) share a common ancestor. FT-DNA uses the term
"related." BUT....when extended to 37 markers, individuals who share 37/37 or 36/37 are considered to be "very
tightly related" and "tightly related." Of these individuals, they go on to say very few people experience this close
level match. Well take a look at our chart!
- Simply Put - 25 Markers: 0-1 Mis-match, you share common ancestor. 2 Mis-matches, May be related.
- Simply Put - 37 Markers: 0-1 Mis-match, you share common ancestor. 2-3 Mis-matches, you're related.
If you have 4 Mis-matches, you're probably related. 5 Mis-matches, doubtful.
Well, thats it for this issue............good luck with your research,
Merry Christmas,
DeLores
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